Biochar is plant and/or animal biomass by-product or organic waste based stabile carboniferous substance for conservation agriculture applications. Biochar is produced under reductive thermal conditions. The biochar must be well defined and controlled quality. Biochar is applied to improve the soil physical and/or chemical and/or biological properties or the soil activity. A wide range of organic feed materials can be used for biochar production, subject to sustainability requirements, such as not to compete with human food, animal feed and plant nutrition production and supply; and originating from environmental and climate protection sustainable supplies.